Root canal treatment saves a tooth whose inner pulp has become inflamed or infected, usually because of deep decay, a crack or an injury. Instead of removing the tooth, we clean out the infected tissue, disinfect the canals inside the roots, and seal them with a biocompatible filling material. This relieves pain and lets the tooth remain in the mouth, functioning naturally.
Modern root canal treatment is far more comfortable than its reputation suggests. With effective local anaesthesia and careful, gentle technique, most patients describe the experience as similar to getting a regular filling. In young patients, saving a tooth this way also protects normal chewing, speech and the alignment of surrounding teeth.
Patients with severe toothache, lingering sensitivity to hot or cold, swelling or an abscess near a tooth, or deep decay or injury reaching the nerve – where the tooth can still be saved rather than extracted.